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Iskhaki Gayaz 02/10/1878
Iskhaki (Iskhakov) Gayaz (Muhammed-Gayaz) Gilyazetdinovich was born on February 10th of 1878 in the village of Kutlushkino of the Chistopolsky district of the Kazan province in the family of mullah. He studied in madrasah. In 1898 he started to study in the Kazan tatar teacher's school, participated in the students' movement. In 1904 he moved to Kazan. In August of 1905 at the 1st Muslim congress in Nizhniy Novgorod he headed the group of socialists. In 1906 he was one of the organizers of Tatar Esers party named 'Tangchi' (after the name of their newspaper 'Gang yoldyzy' ('The Morning Star'). In February of 1907 Iskhaki was arrested and sent in the Arkhangelsk province. After the February revolution of 1917 he supported the unity of Turkic peoples, for national-cultural autonomy of Muslim peoples of Russia. He was one of the organizers of the 1st All-Russian Muslim congress in Moscow on which he criticized the representative of the provisional Government cadet S.A. Kotlyarevsky. The main principles of the offered by Iskhaki platforms: moslems of Russia is the political organism capable and having the right to develop the uniform culture and build the life on the basis of this uniform culture; in the actions they were guided by the common opinion and went under the uniform management. G.Iskhaki was against the creation of the Bashkir autonomy: it, in his opinion, contradicted the idea of the unity of the Turkic nations. After dispersal of the national management and closing newspaper 'Il' in April of 1918, G.Ishaki went underground. At A.V.Kolchak's time the activity of the national management was forbidden, as a result they went into the illegal position. In 1920 G.Iskhaki emigrated, since 1928 he published in Berlin magazine 'Milli Yul' ('the Way of the nation'), tried to create the organization of emigrants from the Volga region and Ural. In September of 1939 the magazine was closed and Iskhaki went to Turkey. After the 2nd World War he started his political activity. G.Iskhaki died on July 22, 1954 in Ankara. |
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