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Lobachevsky N.I.
Nikolay Ivanovich Lobachevsky was born on December, 1 (November, 20) 1792 in Nizhny Novgorod in a poor family of an official. In 1811 he graduated from the Kazan university and was left at it to prepare for a professorial rank. In 1814-1846 years he taught at this university; Since 1916 the professor managed the astronomical observatory of university; Since 1823-1825 years - the dean of physical and mathematical faculty; Since 1827-1846 years - the rector of the university; Since 1846 - the assistant to the trustee of the Kazan educational district. Lobachevsky is the founder of new geometrical system - Euclidean geometry, or Lobachevsky's geometry stated in his work "About the beginnings of geometry" (1829). At Kazan university N.Lobachevsky, alongside with mathematical disciplines, read lectures on astronomy, expanding and deepening their contents. His lectures, for example, were devoted to elements of orbits, their century changes, theory of movement of comets and satellites of planets. In 1811-1842 years carried out astronomical supervision, in particular he observed also comet Enke (1832) Diaries of his supervision burned down in a fire of the observatory of the Kazan university. Together with M.V.Lyapunov he participated in expedition to Penza for supervision of a full solar eclipse on July, 8, 1842. He described in details the supervision and reflections concerning mysterious at that time phenomena of protuberances and solar crown. He was engaged in improvement of methods of processing of astronomical supervision. Being the rector of the Kazan university, he promoted development of astronomy in Kazan. Under his initiative at the university in 1833-1837 years the new observatory, one of the best of that time, was constructed. In 1895 the Kazan physical and mathematical society founded the Lobachevsky premium for outstanding works in the field of geometry (the fund for it was collected on subscription). Now this premium awards Academy of Science of Russian Federation. His name is on the map of the Moon. Years of life: (01/12/1792 - 24/02/1856) |
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